Somatoform disorders involve physical symptoms without medical cause, driven by psychological distress or conflict.

Child psychological disorders disrupt development—affecting emotions, behavior, or thinking beyond typical age-appropriate variations.

Paranoia is unfounded mistrust and suspicion, interpreting others' actions as deliberately threatening or harmful without evidence.

Depression is not sadness—it is a persistent fog of exhaustion, worthlessness, and lost interest in life.

Schizophrenia is a disconnect from reality—hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking that distort perception and self.

Bipolar disorder is extreme cycling between manic highs and depressive lows, disrupting mood, energy, and function.

Mania is an abnormally elevated, energetic state—racing thoughts, impulsivity, reduced sleep, and inflated self-belief.

Anxiety is persistent, excessive worry and fear, often with physical tension, restlessness, and avoidance behaviors.